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  2. Extraction of petroleum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraction_of_petroleum

    Seismic surveys and other methods are used to locate oil reservoirs. Oil rigs and oil platforms are used to drill long holes into the earth to create an oil well and extract petroleum. After extraction, oil is refined to make gasoline and other products such as tires and refrigerators. Extraction of petroleum can be dangerous and have led to ...

  3. Atmospheric distillation of crude oil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_distillation...

    The hot crude oil is then passed into a distillation column that allows the separation of the crude oil into different fractions depending on the difference in volatility. The pressure at the top is maintained at 1.2–1.5 atm [ 2 ] so that the distillation can be carried out at close to atmospheric pressure, and therefore it is known as the ...

  4. Oil shale industry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_shale_industry

    In 1924, the Tallinn Power Plant was the first power plant in the world to switch to oil shale firing. [5] Following the end of World War II, the oil shale industry declined due to the discovery of large supplies of easily accessible and cheaper crude oil. [1] [4] [6] [7] Oil shale production however, continued to grow in Estonia, Russia and China.

  5. Shale oil extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shale_oil_extraction

    The oldest and the most common extraction method involves pyrolysis (also known as retorting or destructive distillation). In this process, oil shale is heated in the absence of oxygen until its kerogen decomposes into condensable shale oil vapors and non-condensable combustible oil shale gas .

  6. Enhanced oil recovery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_oil_recovery

    Enhanced oil recovery (abbreviated EOR), also called tertiary recovery, is the extraction of crude oil from an oil field that cannot be extracted otherwise. Whereas primary and secondary recovery techniques rely on the pressure differential between the surface and the underground well, enhanced oil recovery functions by altering the physical or ...

  7. Petroleum refining processes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_refining_processes

    Petroleum refinery in Anacortes, Washington, United States. Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries (also referred to as oil refineries) to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.

  8. Heavy oil production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_oil_production

    Density and viscosity determine the method of extraction. [2] Oil viscosity varies with temperature and determines the ease of extraction; temperature can be controlled so that oil can be moved without employing additional techniques. [3] Density is more important for refiners since it represents the yield after distillation.

  9. Oil production plant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_production_plant

    An oil production plant is a facility which processes production fluids from oil wells in order to separate out key components and prepare them for export. Typical oil well production fluids are a mixture of oil, gas and produced water. An oil production plant is distinct from an oil depot, which does not have processing facilities.