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Fish account for more than half of vertebrate species. As of 2016, there are over 32,000 described species of bony fish, over 1,100 species of cartilaginous fish, and over 100 hagfish and lampreys. A third of these fall within the nine largest families; from largest to smallest, these are Cyprinidae , Gobiidae , Cichlidae , Characidae ...
This category contains articles about taxa at and above the order level in the Class Chondrichthyes - the cartilaginous fishes. More specific articles should be placed in subcategories. The higher level taxonomy of the cartilaginous fishes is as follows: Subclass Elasmobranchii, containing Superorder Batoidea the rays and skates
Cartilaginous fish, such as sharks and rays, have jaws and skeletons made of cartilage rather than bone. Megalodon is an extinct species of shark that lived about 28 to 1.5 Ma. It looked much like a stocky version of the great white shark , but was much larger with fossil lengths reaching 20.3 metres (67 ft). [ 10 ]
Class Chondrichthyes (cartilagineous fish - sharks and rays) Class Osteichthyes (bony fish), which has two subclasses: Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish) Full details of higher order fish taxonomy can be found in the Chordata article.
Some sources extend the term "shark" as an informal category including extinct members of Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) with a shark-like morphology, such as hybodonts. Shark-like chondrichthyans such as Cladoselache and Doliodus first appeared in the Devonian Period (419–359 million years), though some fossilized chondrichthyan-like ...
Fish physiology is the scientific study of how the component parts of fish function together in the living fish. [2] It can be contrasted with fish anatomy, which is the study of the form or morphology of fishes. In practice, fish anatomy and physiology complement each other, the former dealing with the structure of a fish, its organs or ...
Cladoselachidae is an extinct family of cartilaginous fishes closely related to, and possibly nested within, Symmoriiformes. [1] They are characterized by having an elongated body with a spine in each of the two dorsal fins.
Cartilaginous fish, such as sharks and rays also lack a true maxilla. Their upper jaw is instead formed from a cartilagenous bar that is not homologous with the bone found in other vertebrates. [14] Some fish have permanently protruding upper jawbones called rostrums. Billfish (marlin, swordfish and sailfish) use rostrums (bills) to slash and ...