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where A and B are reactants C is a product a, b, and c are stoichiometric coefficients,. the reaction rate is often found to have the form: = [] [] Here is the reaction rate constant that depends on temperature, and [A] and [B] are the molar concentrations of substances A and B in moles per unit volume of solution, assuming the reaction is taking place throughout the volume of the ...
Nuclear cross sections are used in determining the nuclear reaction rate, and are governed by the reaction rate equation for a particular set of particles (usually viewed as a "beam and target" thought experiment where one particle or nucleus is the "target", which is typically at rest, and the other is treated as a "beam", which is a projectile with a given energy).
In physics, the cross section is a measure of the probability that a specific process will take place in a collision of two particles. For example, the Rutherford cross-section is a measure of probability that an alpha particle will be deflected by a given angle during an interaction with an atomic nucleus.
In physics, absorption cross-section is a measure of the probability of an absorption process. More generally, the term cross-section is used in physics to quantify the probability of a certain particle-particle interaction, e.g., scattering , electromagnetic absorption , etc. (Note that light in this context is described as consisting of ...
The area required to calculate the mass flow rate is real or imaginary, flat or curved, either as a cross-sectional area or a surface, e.g. for substances passing through a filter or a membrane, the real surface is the (generally curved) surface area of the filter, macroscopically - ignoring the area spanned by the holes in the filter/membrane ...
If the individual recombination rates (between A and B; and between B and C) are known, then the c.o.c. between the regions AB and BC can be calculated from the rate of double recombination. In genetics, the coefficient of coincidence (c.o.c.) is a measure of interference in the formation of chromosomal crossovers during meiosis .
where ℓ is the mean free path, n is the number of target particles per unit volume, and σ is the effective cross-sectional area for collision. The area of the slab is L 2, and its volume is L 2 dx. The typical number of stopping atoms in the slab is the concentration n times the volume, i.e., n L 2 dx. The probability that a beam particle ...
The shear rate for a fluid flowing between two parallel plates, ... where A is the cross-sectional area of the pipe, which for an inside pipe radius of r is given by