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IPv4 is the fourth version in the development of the Internet Protocol, and routes most traffic on the Internet. [1] [non-primary source needed] The IPv4 header includes thirteen mandatory fields and is as small as 20 bytes. A fourteenth optional and infrequently used options field can increase the header size.
This is a list of the IP protocol numbers found in the field Protocol of the IPv4 header and the Next Header field of the IPv6 header. It is an identifier for the encapsulated protocol and determines the layout of the data that immediately follows the header. Both fields are eight bits wide.
The first header field in an IP packet is the Version field. For IPv4, this is always equal to 4. Internet Header Length (IHL): 4 bits The IPv4 header is variable in size due to the optional 14th field (Options). The IHL field contains the size of the IPv4 header; it has 4 bits that specify the number of 32-bit words in the header.
The Internet checksum, [1] [2] also called the IPv4 header checksum is a checksum used in version 4 of the Internet Protocol (IPv4) to detect corruption in the header of IPv4 packets. It is carried in the IPv4 packet header, and represents the 16-bit result of the summation of the header words. [3] The IPv6 protocol does
Packets that hold Internet Protocol data carry a 4-bit IP version number as the first field of its header. [1] [2] Currently, only IPv4 and IPv6 packets are seen on the Internet, having IP version numbers 4 and 6, respectively.
Field Size (bits) Description Copied: 1: Set to 1 if the options need to be copied into all fragments of a fragmented packet. Option Class: 2: A general options category. 0 is for control options, and 2 is for debugging and measurement. 1 and 3 are reserved.
This field is the Internet Protocol version number. Set to 4 to indicate IPv4. Internet Header Length (IHL): 4 bits This field is the length of outer IP header. Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP): 6 bits This field is copied from the inner IP header. Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN): 2 bits This field is copied from the inner IP ...
For these purposes, the Internet Protocol defines the format of packets and provides an addressing system. Each datagram has two components: a header and a payload. The IP header includes a source IP address, a destination IP address, and other metadata needed to route and deliver the datagram. The payload is the data that is transported.