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  2. Polar coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_coordinate_system

    The distance from the pole is called the radial coordinate, radial distance or simply radius, and the angle is called the angular coordinate, polar angle, or azimuth. [1] Angles in polar notation are generally expressed in either degrees or radians (2 π rad being equal to 360°).

  3. Spherical coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_coordinate_system

    Even with these restrictions, if the polar angle (inclination) is 0° or 180°—elevation is −90° or +90°—then the azimuth angle is arbitrary; and if r is zero, both azimuth and polar angles are arbitrary. To define the coordinates as unique, the user can assert the convention that (in these cases) the arbitrary coordinates are set to zero.

  4. Polar angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_angle

    In geometry, the polar angle may be 2D polar angle, the angular coordinate of a two-dimensional polar coordinate system; 3D polar angle, ...

  5. Azimuth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth

    A special case of an azimuth angle is the angle in polar coordinates of the component of the vector in the xy-plane, although this angle is normally measured in radians rather than degrees and denoted by θ rather than φ.

  6. Astronomical coordinate systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_coordinate...

    Angles in the hours ( h), minutes ( m), and seconds ( s) of time measure must be converted to decimal degrees or radians before calculations are performed. 1 h = 15°; 1 m = 15′; 1 s = 15″ Angles greater than 360° (2 π ) or less than 0° may need to be reduced to the range 0°−360° (0–2 π ) depending upon the particular calculating ...

  7. Latitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitude

    The geocentric latitude θ is the complement of the polar angle or colatitude θ′ in conventional spherical polar coordinates in which the coordinates of a point are P(r,θ′,λ) where r is the distance of P from the centre O, θ′ is the angle between the radius vector and the polar axis and λ is longitude.

  8. Meridian (perimetry, visual field) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meridian_(perimetry...

    The polar angle is considered to be zero degrees when a locus is horizontally to the right of the fixation point and to increase to a maximum of 360 degrees going anticlockwise. Distance from the origin is given in degrees of visual angle; it's a measure of eccentricity. Each polar axis is a meridian of the visual field. For example, the ...

  9. Table of spherical harmonics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_spherical_harmonics

    Below the complex spherical harmonics are represented on 2D plots with the azimuthal angle, , on the horizontal axis and the polar angle, , on the vertical axis.The saturation of the color at any point represents the magnitude of the spherical harmonic and the hue represents the phase.