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UltraSurf is a closed-source freeware Internet censorship circumvention product [2] created by UltraReach Internet Corporation. The software bypasses Internet censorship and firewalls using an HTTP proxy server, and employs encryption protocols for privacy. The software was developed by two different groups of Falun Gong practitioners at the ...
Shadowsocks is a free and open-source encryption protocol project, widely used in China to circumvent Internet censorship. It was created in 2012 by a Chinese programmer named "clowwindy", and multiple implementations of the protocol have been made available since. [7][8] Shadowsocks is not a proxy on its own, but (typically) is the client ...
Internet censorship circumvention, also referred to as going over the wall (Chinese: 翻墙; pinyin: fān qiáng) [1][2] or scientific browsing (Chinese: 科学上网; pinyin: kēxué shàngwǎng) [3] in China, is the use of various methods and tools to bypass internet censorship. There are many different techniques to bypass such censorship ...
Freegate. Freegate is a software application developed by Dynamic Internet Technology (DIT) that enables internet users to view websites blocked by their governments. The program takes advantage of a range of proxy servers called Dynaweb. This allows users to bypass Internet firewalls that block web sites by using DIT's Peer-to-peer (P2P)-like ...
A virtual private network (VPN) service provides a proxy server to help users bypass Internet censorship such as geo-blocking and users who want to protect their communications against data profiling or MitM attacks on hostile networks. A wide variety of entities provide VPN services for several purposes. But depending on the provider and the ...
Tor aims to conceal its users' identities and their online activity from surveillance and traffic analysis by separating identification and routing. It is an implementation of onion routing, which encrypts and then randomly bounces communications through a network of relays run by volunteers around the globe.
Anonymous proxy. An anonymizer or an anonymous proxy is a tool that attempts to make activity on the Internet untraceable. It is a proxy server computer that acts as an intermediary and privacy shield between a client computer and the rest of the Internet. It accesses the Internet on the user's behalf, protecting personal information of the ...
Cross-origin resource sharing. Cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) is a mechanism to safely bypass the Same-origin policy, that is, it allows a web page to access restricted resources from a server on a domain different than the domain that served the web page. A web page may freely embed cross-origin images, stylesheets, scripts, iframes, and ...