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Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), also called androgen ablation therapy or androgen suppression therapy, is an antihormone therapy whose main use is in treating prostate cancer. Prostate cancer cells usually require androgen hormones, such as testosterone, to grow. ADT reduces the levels of androgen hormones, with drugs or surgery, to prevent ...
The most common methods of androgen deprivation therapy currently employed to treat prostate cancer are castration (with a GnRH modulator or orchiectomy), nonsteroidal antiandrogens, and the androgen synthesis inhibitor abiraterone acetate. [16] Castration may be used alone or in combination with one of the other two treatments.
This is a list of antiandrogens, [1] or drugs that prevent the effects of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). [2] It includes direct antagonists of the androgen receptor (AR), androgen synthesis inhibitors like 5α-reductase inhibitors and CYP17A1 inhibitors , and antigonadotropins like GnRH analogues , estrogens , and ...
Apalutamide, sold under the brand name Erleada among others, is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen (NSAA) medication used for the treatment of prostate cancer. [2][8][9] It is an androgen receptor inhibitor. [2] It is taken by mouth. [2][10]
Like other NSAAs such as flutamide and bicalutamide, nilutamide, without concomitant GnRH analogue therapy, increases serum androgen (by two-fold in the case of testosterone), estrogen, and prolactin levels due to inhibition of AR-mediated suppression of steroidogenesis via negative feedback on the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. [14]
Androgen replacement therapy. Androgen replacement therapy (ART), often referred to as testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), is a form of hormone therapy in which androgens, often testosterone, are supplemented or replaced. It typically involves the administration of testosterone through injections, skin creams, patches, gels, pills, or ...
Megestrol acetate is a weak partial agonist of the androgen receptor (AR). [121][122][123] It has been reported to bind to this receptor with 5% of the affinity of the anabolic steroid metribolone. [2][4][80] Despite its weak intrinsic activity at the androgen receptor, at clinical doses in humans, megestrol acetate appears to behave, for all ...
Testosterone levels during the first month of androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer treated with subcutaneous injections of a GnRH antagonist (degarelix) or agonist (leuprorelin). Doses were 240 then 80 mg/month and 7.5 mg/month, respectively. [26]