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Gear inches is an imperial measure corresponding to the diameter in inches of the drive wheel of a penny-farthing bicycle with equivalent (direct-drive) gearing. A commonly used metric alternative is known as metres of development or rollout distance, which specifies how many metres a bicycle travels per revolution of the crank.
Bicycle performance is measurable performance such as energy efficiency that affect how effective a bicycle is. Bicycles are extraordinarily efficient machines; in terms of the amount of energy a person must expend to travel a given distance, cycling is calculated to be the most efficient self-powered means of transportation. [ 1 ] The ...
VAM is a parameter used in cycling as a measure of fitness and speed; it is useful for relatively objective comparisons of performances and estimating a rider's power output per kilogram of body mass, which is one of the most important qualities of a cyclist who competes in stage races and other mountainous [citation needed] events. Dr.
Animation of a computer-generated, simplified model of bike and passive rider demonstrating uncontrolled, but stable weave. Bicycles leaning in a turn. Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics is the science of the motion of bicycles and motorcycles and their components, due to the forces acting on them. Dynamics falls under a branch of physics known as ...
Bicycle cadence graph. In cycling, cadence is a measure of rotational speed of the crank, expressed in units of revolutions per minute (r/min or rpm). In other words, it is the pedalling rate at which a cyclist is turning the pedals. Cadence is directly proportional to wheel speed, but is a distinct measurement and changes with gearing.
A bicycle gearbox with chain tensioner. Bicycle gearing is the aspect of a bicycle drivetrain that determines the relation between the cadence, the rate at which the rider pedals, and the rate at which the drive wheel turns. On some bicycles there is only one gear and, therefore, the gear ratio is fixed, but most modern bicycles have multiple ...
Depending on the gear ratio of the bicycle, a (torque, angular speed) input pair is converted to a (torque, angular speed) output pair. By using a larger rear gear, or by switching to a lower gear in multi-speed bicycles, angular speed of the road wheels is decreased while the torque is increased, product of which (i.e. power) does not change.
Pace is the reciprocal of speed. It can be calculated here from the following formula: [6] [19] p = p0·(1 + α·m) where: p = pace p0 = pace on flat terrain m = gradient uphill. This formula is true for m≥0 (uphill or flat terrain). [6] [19] It assumes equivalence of distance and climb by applying mentioned earlier α factor. [4] [19]