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Mood swings in major depressive disorder (MDD): Various mood patterns, [69] and mood changes erratically. [37] Mood swings occur episodically and fluctuate in moderate high mood and severe low mood. [ 70 ] [ 71 ] Characterized by having high negative affect (bad mood) most of the time, particularly in melancholic subtype. [ 72 ]
According to the DSM-IV, children must exhibit either a depressed mood or a loss of interest/pleasure in normal activities. These activities may include school, extracurricular activities, or peer interactions. Depressive moods in children can be expressed as being unusually irritable.
Children of parents with symptoms of depression are less likely to learn strategies for regulating their emotions and are at risk of inheriting a mood disorder. [25] When parents have difficulty with regulating their emotions, they often cannot teach their children to regulate properly. [ 27 ]
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a mental disorder in children and adolescents characterized by a persistently irritable or angry mood and frequent temper outbursts that are disproportionate to the situation and significantly more severe than the typical reaction of same-aged peers.
Has mood swings towards primary caregiver depending on the day Friendship with parent is less depended on but still needs closeness and nurturing. Anxious to please; needs and seeks adult approval, reassurance, and praise; may complain excessively about minor hurts to gain more attention.
PMDD symptoms also include “irritability, mood swings, depression and other mental changes [that] can make it difficult to socialize and maintain healthy relationships,” says Galfione.
Many children that have this disorder exhibit poor interpersonal relationships and struggle to fit in socially with their peers. [27] Behavioral study of these children can show a history of other symptoms such as temper tantrums, mood swings, sleep disturbances and aggressiveness. [28]
Due to the subsequent lack of emotional control, sleep deprivation may be associated with depression, impulsivity, and mood swings. Additionally, there is some evidence that sleep deprivation may reduce emotional reactivity to positive stimuli and events and impair emotion recognition in others.