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Hydrochlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Hydrodiuril among others, is a diuretic medication used to treat hypertension and swelling due to fluid build-up. [4] Other uses include treating diabetes insipidus and renal tubular acidosis and to decrease the risk of kidney stones in those with a high calcium level in the urine. [4]
IH arises due to faulty calcium homeostasis, a closely monitored process, where slight deviations in calcium transport in the intestines, blood, and bone can lead to excessive calcium excretion, bone mineral density loss, or kidney stone formation. [1] 50%-60% of nephrolithiasis patients suffer from IH and have 5%-15% lower bone density than ...
Bisphosphonates are not recommended in those with chronic kidney disease or those who are severely dehydrated as they may worsen or cause kidney disease. [ 22 ] Bisphosphonates caused normalization of calcium levels in 60-90% of patients who were treated for hypercalcemia of malignancy.
More children around the U.S. are getting kidney stones, a condition now wrongly associated with “white, middle-aged men”, experts say. The stones are pebble-like clusters of minerals and ...
There are a number of things that form kidney stones. Those with diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity have a higher risk of having kidney stones. Causes of kidney stones can ...
There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity should not be confused with some medications predominantly excreted by the kidneys needing their dose adjusted for the decreased kidney function (e.g., heparin, lithium).
Additionally, hypercalciuria can contribute to kidney stone formation which may present with flank or back pain that comes and goes. It can be painful to pass kidney stones and in extreme cases cause kidney damage. [2] [3] Patients that both form kidney stones and have hypercalciuria are at increased risk for bone loss leading to osteoporosis. [4]
Thiazides combined with potassium citrate, increased water intake and decreased dietary oxalate and sodium can slow or even reverse the formation of calcium-containing kidney stones. [18] High-dose therapy with the thiazide-like diuretic indapamide can be used to treat idiopathic hypercalcinuria (high urine calcium with unknown cause).
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