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The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic ... Timeline of United States diplomatic history ... Kleber, Louis C. "The "X Y Z" Affair" History Today. (Oct 1973 ...
In the late 18th century, Hottinguer was one of the French agents involved in the XYZ Affair, a much-publicized diplomatic scandal between France and the United States. In the beginning 19th century, a family friend and associate, Henri Escher, established the first Hottinger representative office in America.
Diplomatic History 37.4 (2013): 664–692. Bemis, Samuel Flagg. The Diplomacy of the American Revolution (1935) online free to borrow. Clarfield, Gerard H. Timothy Pickering and American Diplomacy, 1795–1800 (1969). DeConde, Alexander (1963), A History of American Foreign Policy, New York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons.
A political cartoon depicts the XYZ Affair – America is a woman being plundered by Frenchmen (1798). Adams hoped to maintain friendly relations with France, and he sent a delegation to Paris, consisting of John Marshall, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and Elbridge Gerry, to ask for compensation for the French attacks on American shipping.
A political cartoon depicts the XYZ Affair – America is a woman being plundered by Frenchmen. (1798) In an April 1798 speech to Congress, Adams publicly revealed Talleyrand's machinations, sparking public outrage at the French. [119] Democratic-Republicans were skeptical of the administration's account of what became known as the "XYZ affair."
Electoral history of John Adams, who had served as the second president of the United States (1797–1801) and the first vice president of the United States (1789–1797). ). Prior to being president, he had diplomatic experience as the second United States envoy to France (1777–1779), the first United States minister to the Netherlands (1782–1788), and the first United States minister to ...
Foreign policy of the United States was shaped by the XYZ Affair in 1798 and the resulting Quasi-War with the French First Republic. The Logan Act was passed in 1799 to prevent unauthorized negotiations with foreign governments. [60] The Marine Hospital Service was established within the Revenue-Marine in 1798. [61]
He was behind the demand for bribes in the XYZ Affair which escalated into the Quasi-War, an undeclared naval war with the United States, 1798–1800. Talleyrand saw a possible political career for Napoleon during the Italian campaigns of 1796 to 1797. He wrote many letters to Napoleon, and the two became close allies.