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Early high-speed visualisations of electrical voltages were made with an electro-mechanical oscillograph, [2] [3] invented by André Blondel in 1893. These gave valuable insights into high speed voltage changes, but had a frequency response in single kHz, and were superseded by the oscilloscope which used a cathode-ray tube (CRT) as its display element.
The input impedance of an infinite line is equal to the characteristic impedance since the transmitted wave is never reflected back from the end. Equivalently: The characteristic impedance of a line is that impedance which, when terminating an arbitrary length of line at its output, produces an input impedance of equal value. This is so because ...
In many laboratories, it is the original place of record of data (no copying is carried out from other notes) as well as any observations or insights. For data recorded by other means (e.g., on a computer), the lab notebook will record that the data was obtained and the identification of the data set will be given in the notebook. [ 4 ]
In mathematics, a metric space is a set together with a notion of distance between its elements, usually called points. The distance is measured by a function called a metric or distance function. [1] Metric spaces are the most general setting for studying many of the concepts of mathematical analysis and geometry.
Former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, inaugurated the Silver Jubilee Celebration of the Laboratory on 23 December 1975. NPL Charter:- The main aim of the laboratory is to strengthen and advance physics-based research and development for the overall development of science and technology in the country. In particular its objectives are:
Switzerland's Marco Odermatt celebrates at the finish area of an alpine ski, men's World Cup downhill, in Wengen, Switzerland, Saturday, Jan. 18, 2025 (AP Photo/Giovanni Maria Pizzato)
Input-to-state stability of the systems based on time-invariant ordinary differential equations is a quite developed theory, see a recent monograph. [6] However, ISS theory of other classes of systems is also being investigated for time-variant ODE systems [ 20 ] and hybrid systems .
#12. The most extreme thing I do is camp in my car two days a week. I work out of town three days a week and so rather than drive home or rent a room I go to a campground and sleep in the hatch of ...