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Verbal memory is a term used in cognitive psychology which refers to memory of words and other abstractions involving language. A variety of tests is used to test verbal memory, including learning lists or pairs of words, or recalling a story after it has been told. Verbal memory deals with memory of spoken information. [1]
While women perform better on verbal working memory tasks after consuming alcohol compared to men, they appear to perform worse on spatial working memory tasks as indicated by less brain activity. [137] [138] Finally, age seems to be an additional factor. Older adults are more susceptible than others to the effects of alcohol on working memory ...
The ability to store verbal material in working memory, and the storage of verbal material in short-term memory relies on a phonological loop. [4] This loop, proposed by Baddeley and Hitch, represents a system that is composed of a short-term store in which memory is represented phonologically, and a rehearsal process.
Baddeley's model of the phonological loop. The phonological loop (or articulatory loop) as a whole deals with sound or phonological information.It consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component (sometimes called the articulatory loop) that can revive the memory traces.
One influential model is Baddeley's multicomponent model of working memory, which is composed of a central executive system that regulates three subsystems: the phonological loop, which maintains verbal information; the visuospatial sketchpad, which maintains visual and spatial information; and the more recently developed episodic buffer that ...
The working memory model. In 1974 Baddeley and Hitch proposed a "working memory model" that replaced the general concept of short-term memory with active maintenance of information in short-term storage. In this model, working memory consists of three basic stores: the central executive, the phonological loop, and the visuo-spatial sketchpad.
Verbal intelligence is the ability to understand and reason using concepts framed in words. More broadly, it is linked to problem solving , abstract reasoning , [ 1 ] and working memory . Verbal intelligence is one of the most g -loaded abilities.
The reading span task was the first instance of the family of "complex span" tasks (as opposed to "simple span" tasks). It is a complex verbal test because it draws upon both storage and processing (i.e., reading) elements of working memory, while simple verbal tests (e.g., word span) require the storage element alone. [2]