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BigScience was led by HuggingFace and involved several hundreds of researchers and engineers from France and abroad representing both the academia and the private sector. BigScience was supported by a large-scale public compute grant on the French public supercomputer Jean Zay, managed by GENCI and IDRIS ( CNRS ), on which it was trained.
The safetensors format was developed around 2021 to solve problems with using Python's pickle format (that was then used in PyTorch). It was designed for saving and loading tensors. Compared to pickle format, it allows lazy loading, and avoids security problems. [21] After a security audit, it became the default format in 2023. [22]
The Pile is an 886.03 GB diverse, open-source dataset of English text created as a training dataset for large language models (LLMs). It was constructed by EleutherAI in 2020 and publicly released on December 31 of that year. [1] [2] It is composed of 22 smaller datasets, including 14 new ones. [1]
Transformers typically are first pretrained by self-supervised learning on a large generic dataset, followed by supervised fine-tuning on a small task-specific dataset. The pretrain dataset is typically an unlabeled large corpus, such as The Pile. Tasks for pretraining and fine-tuning commonly include: language modeling [12] next-sentence ...
ROUGE, or Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation, [1] is a set of metrics and a software package used for evaluating automatic summarization and machine translation software in natural language processing.
Database tables and indexes may be stored on disk in one of a number of forms, including ordered/unordered flat files, ISAM, heap files, hash buckets, or B+ trees. Each form has its own particular advantages and disadvantages. The most commonly used forms are B-trees and ISAM.
On a modern filesystem with sparse file support, this helps minimise actual disk usage. The file format of LMDB is, unlike that of Berkeley DB , architecture-dependent. This means that a conversion must be done before moving a database from a 32-bit machine to a 64-bit machine, [ 8 ] or between computers of differing endianness .
Horizontal partitioning splits one or more tables by row, usually within a single instance of a schema and a database server. It may offer an advantage by reducing index size (and thus search effort) provided that there is some obvious, robust, implicit way to identify in which partition a particular row will be found, without first needing to search the index, e.g., the classic example of the ...