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The 20-gauge shotgun, also known as 20 bore, is a type of smoothbore shotgun. 20-gauge shotguns have a bore diameter of .615 in (15.6 mm), while the 12-gauge has a bore diameter of .729 in (18.5 mm). [ 2 ] 12-gauge and 20-gauge shotguns are the most popular gauges in the United States .
Gauge was determined from the weight of a solid sphere of lead that will fit the bore of the firearm and is expressed as the multiplicative inverse of the sphere's weight as a fraction of a pound, e.g., a one-twelfth pound lead ball fits a 12-gauge bore. Therefore with a 12-gauge, it would take 12 balls of lead of the same size as the 12 gauge ...
The leade is the tapered section of the throat that transitions in diameter from the freebore to the rifling lands at a shallow angle, typically between 1° and 3° degrees. [ 7 ] Freebore length affects the distance the bullet will jump before engaging the rifling when the weapon is fired.
Most of these young hunters move up to a 20-gauge within a few years, and to 12-gauge shotguns and full-size hunting rifles by their late teens. Still, many who are particularly recoil-averse choose to stay with 20-gauge shotguns all their adult life, as it is a suitable gauge for many popular hunting uses.
The 4, 8, 24, and 32 gauge guns are collector items. There are also some shotguns measured by diameter, rather than gauge. These are the .410 (10.4mm), .380 (9mm), and .22 (5.5mm); these are correctly called ".410 bore", not ".410-gauge". The .410 bore is the smallest shotgun size which is widely available commercially in the United States.
Alternative names sometimes imply the type of dimensional difference. A chamber insert may be used for a shorter cartridge of similar base diameter. A supplemental chamber or cartridge adapter is typically used for a shorter cartridge of reduced diameter. [1] A cartridge conversion sleeve may include a short barrel of reduced bore diameter.
The guns are available in 12, 20, 28, and 32 gauge, and .410 bore. [1] At present, it is not commercially available, only parts are available on request. MTs255-12 ( МЦ255-12 ) - police version (for ammunition 12/70 and 12/76), designed for law enforcement and security agencies, is distinguished by accessories made of black plastic, folding ...
For example, for a 12 gauge, the bore diameter of the barrel is nominally 18.5 mm (0.73 in), although different manufacturers do vary their as-manufactured bore from this diameter slightly. This is commonly called "overbore", when the as-built diameter exceeds the nominal actual diameter of 18.5 mm (0.73 in).