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The polarity, dipole moment, polarizability and hydrogen bonding of a solvent determines what type of compounds it is able to dissolve and with what other solvents or liquid compounds it is miscible. Generally, polar solvents dissolve polar compounds best and non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar compounds best; hence "like dissolves like".
Two molecules of carbon dioxide (CO 2) and two molecules of hydrogen (H 2) are formed as waste products. Subsequently, ATP is produced in the last step of the fermentation. Three molecules of ATP are produced for each glucose molecule, a relatively high yield. The balanced equation for this fermentation is C 6 H 12 O 6 → C 4 H 8 O 2 + 2CO 2 ...
In a non-polar solvent, it is the exposure of the hydrophilic head groups to the surrounding solvent that is energetically unfavourable, giving rise to a water-in-oil system. In this case, the hydrophilic groups are sequestered in the micelle core and the hydrophobic groups extend away from the center.
Polar solvents can be used to dissolve inorganic or ionic compounds such as salts. The conductivity of a solution depends on the solvation of its ions. Nonpolar solvents cannot solvate ions, and ions will be found as ion pairs. Hydrogen bonding among solvent and solute molecules depends on the ability of each to accept H-bonds, donate H-bonds ...
Solvents that are hydrogen donors (i.e. water, acids), will affect the visible absorption spectra by engaging in hydrogen bonding or donating the hydrogen outright, making the molecule favor the zwitterionic resonance form; an example of this may be seen in the picture where acetic acid, though less polar than water, was able to produce a more ...
The pentahydrate SnCl 4 ·5H 2 O was formerly known as butter of tin. They all consist of [SnCl 4 (H 2 O) 2 ] molecules together with varying amounts of water of crystallization . The additional water molecules link together the molecules of [SnCl 4 (H 2 O) 2 ] through hydrogen bonds. [ 3 ]
Lipophilicity (from Greek λίπος "fat" and φίλος "friendly") is the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids, and non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene. Such compounds are called lipophilic (translated as "fat-loving" or "fat-liking" [1] [2]). Such non-polar solvents are themselves lipophilic, and the ...
Water is a good solvent for some polar materials because water molecules are polar and capable of forming hydrogen bonds. Salts dissolve in polar solvents, forming positive and negative ions that are attracted to the negative and positive ends of the solvent molecule, respectively. If the solvent is water, hydration occurs when the charged ...