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The Bruce Codex (Latin: Codex Brucianus) is a codex that contains Coptic, Arabic, and Ethiopic manuscripts. It contains rare Gnostic works; the Bruce Codex is the only known surviving copy of the Books of Jeu and another work simply called Untitled Text or the Untitled Apocalypse. In 1769, James Bruce purchased the codex in Upper Egypt.
Among the texts in the Bruce Codex were the Untitled Text and the Books of Jeu. The manuscript in the Bruce Codex is a Coptic [11] translation of an older Greek original. [4] The existing Coptic manuscript of the Untitled Text probably dates to around 350 CE, and an original Greek manuscript may date to the late third century. [12]
Bruce Codex contains the first and second Books of Jeu and three fragments – an untitled text, an untitled hymn, and the text "On the Passage of the Soul Through the Archons of the Midst". Codex Tchacos , 4th century, contains the Gospel of Judas , the First Apocalypse of James , the Letter of Peter to Philip , and a fragment of Allogenes .
It is believed that the Sahidic Coptic of the Codex version is a translation, however, and the original was written in Koine Greek in the early 3rd century. This estimate is because the Pistis Sophia mentions the two books of Jeu twice (158.18 and 228.35), suggesting that the Books of Jeu were written before it, and the Pistis Sophia is dated ...
For the purposes of this compilation, as in philology, a "codex" is a manuscript book published from the late Antiquity period through the Middle Ages. (The majority of the books in both the list of manuscripts and list of illuminated manuscripts are codices.)
The dimensions of the text are 13.6 cm by 6.8 cm. [2] It was written on parchment continuously and without separation in elegant minuscule, furnished with breathings (spiritus asper, spiritus lenis), accents, and Iota adscript. The initial letters are gilt, and on the first page of each Gospel the full stop is a large gilt ball. [4]: 190–191
[2] The manuscripts appears to have remained physically at the Heartland institute. A page titled "The Khabouris Manuscript Ceremony at Heartland" has several small images of a woman posing with the "b" codex. At some point during this time, someone there seems to have taken low-resolution digital photos of all 500 plus pages of the codex. [4]
The text of the manuscript skips from Acts 10:45 to 14:17 without a break, which possibly indicates the copyist copied it from a defective manuscript. [2] The codex is written on 91 leaves of parchment and 122 of paper. [2] According to biblical scholar Frederick H. A. Scrivener, it is in fact 83 leaves of vellum and 130 of paper.