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  2. Calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus

    Integral calculus is the study of the definitions, properties, and applications of two related concepts, the indefinite integral and the definite integral. The process of finding the value of an integral is called integration. [46]: 508 The indefinite integral, also known as the antiderivative, is the inverse operation to the derivative.

  3. Integral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integral

    Integration, the process of computing an integral, is one of the two fundamental operations of calculus, [a] the other being differentiation. Integration was initially used to solve problems in mathematics and physics, such as finding the area under a curve, or determining displacement from velocity. Usage of integration expanded to a wide ...

  4. Integration by parts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integration_by_parts

    In calculus, and more generally in mathematical analysis, integration by parts or partial integration is a process that finds the integral of a product of functions in terms of the integral of the product of their derivative and antiderivative. It is frequently used to transform the antiderivative of a product of functions into an ...

  5. Fractional calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_calculus

    The Cauchy formula for repeated integration, namely () = ()! (), leads in a straightforward way to a generalization for real n: using the gamma function to remove the discrete nature of the factorial function gives us a natural candidate for applications of the fractional integral operator as () = () ().

  6. Integral equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integral_equation

    Integral equations are important in many applications. Problems in which integral equations are encountered include radiative transfer, and the oscillation of a string, membrane, or axle. Oscillation problems may also be solved as differential equations. Actuarial science (ruin theory [8]) Computational electromagnetics

  7. Multiple integral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_integral

    Just as the definite integral of a positive function of one variable represents the area of the region between the graph of the function and the x-axis, the double integral of a positive function of two variables represents the volume of the region between the surface defined by the function (on the three-dimensional Cartesian plane where z = f(x, y)) and the plane which contains its domain. [1]

  8. Discrete calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_calculus

    Discrete integral calculus is the study of the definitions, properties, and applications of the Riemann sums. The process of finding the value of a sum is called integration . In technical language, integral calculus studies a certain linear operator .

  9. Mathematical methods in electronics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_methods_in...

    Applications include network theory and the analysis of electrical circuits using matrices and vector spaces; Calculus: Essential for understanding changes in electronic signals. Used in the analysis of dynamic systems and control systems. Integral calculus is used in analyzing waveforms and signals.

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