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Liquid scintillation counter. Samples are dissolved or suspended in a "cocktail" containing a solvent (historically aromatic organics such as xylene or toluene, but more recently less hazardous solvents are used), typically some form of a surfactant, and "fluors" or scintillators which produce the light measured by the detector.
Zinc borate refers to a family of inorganic compounds consisting of borate of zinc. They are white solids with the formulas 4ZnO·B 2 O 3 ·H 2 O, ZnO·B 2 O 3 ·1.12H 2 O, ZnO·B 2 O 3 ·∼2H 2 O, 6ZnO·5B 2 O 3 ·3H 2 O, 2ZnO·3B 2 O 3 ·7H 2 O, 2ZnO·3B 2 O 3 ·3H 2 O, 3ZnO·5B 2 O 3 ·14H 2 O, and ZnO·5B 2 O 3 ·4.5H 2 O.
A single-displacement reaction, also known as single replacement reaction or exchange reaction, is an archaic concept in chemistry. It describes the stoichiometry of some chemical reactions in which one element or ligand is replaced by atom or group. [1] [2] [3] It can be represented generically as:
It is also known as the stiffness to weight ratio or specific stiffness. High specific modulus materials find wide application in aerospace applications where minimum structural weight is required. The dimensional analysis yields units of distance squared per time squared.
Dimethylzinc is a colorless mobile volatile liquid, which has a characteristic disagreeable garlic-like odor.It is a very reactive and strong reducing agent. [1] It is soluble in alkanes and often sold as a solution in hexanes.
This equation allows the relative density to be calculated from the change in displacement, the known density of the reference liquid, and the known properties of the hydrometer. If Δ x is small then, as a first-order approximation of the geometric series equation ( 4 ) can be written as: R D n e w / r e f ≈ 1 + A Δ x m ρ r e f ...
In this case, the carrier density (in this context, also called the free electron density) can be estimated by: [5] n = N A Z ρ m m a {\displaystyle n={\frac {N_{\text{A}}Z\rho _{m}}{m_{a}}}} Where N A {\displaystyle N_{\text{A}}} is the Avogadro constant , Z is the number of valence electrons , ρ m {\displaystyle \rho _{m}} is the density of ...
In the measurement of ionising radiation the counting efficiency is the ratio between the number of particles or photons counted with a radiation counter and the number of particles or photons of the same type and energy emitted by the radiation source. [1]