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A 2023 scoping review of the literature found that in studies conducted in multiracial or multiethnic populations, the inclusion of race or ethnicity variables lacked thoughtful conceptualization and informative analysis regarding race or ethnicity as indicators of exposure to racialized social disadvantage, the systemic and structural barriers ...
[123] [124] Genetics are a huge risk factor for Alzheimer's, but known high-risk genes for the disease have different effect sizes in African Americans compared to other racial groups. [125] Many of the risk factors for Alzheimer's such as high blood pressure and diabetes are more prevalent in African American communities.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. [6] Common symptoms include increased thirst , frequent urination , fatigue and unexplained weight loss . [ 3 ]
Diabetes is also more prominent in minority groups. For example, according to the American Diabetes Association the rates of diagnosed diabetes are 12.8% of Hispanics, 13.2% of Non-Hispanic blacks, 15.9% of American Indians/Alaskan Natives. While Non-Hispanic whites are 7.6% and only 9% of Asian Americans have diagnosed diabetes.
An early (2006) example of a genetic risk score applied to Type 2 Diabetes in humans. [19] The authors of the study concluded that, individually, risk alleles only moderately identify increase-of-risk of disease; but identifiable risk is "multiplicatively increased" when information is combined from several known risk polymorphisms.
Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of at least three of the following five medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. [1]
Genetic risk for type 2 diabetes changes as humans first began migrating around the world, implying a strong environmental component has affected the genetic-basis of type 2 diabetes. [ 24 ] [ 25 ] This can be seen from the adoption of the type 2 diabetes epidemiological pattern in those who have moved to a different environment as compared to ...
Type 2 diabetes is affected by risk factors that can change, such as B. smoking, overweight and obesity, physical inactivity and high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels. Research shows that the onset of type 2 diabetes is largely preventable through weight loss, increased physical activity, and improvement.