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Archaeology or archeology [a] is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscapes. Archaeology can be considered both a social science and a branch of the humanities.
Forensic archaeologists employ their knowledge of archaeological techniques and theory in a legal context. This broad description is necessary as forensic archaeology is practiced in a variety of ways around the world. [13] funerary archaeology Funerary archaeology is the study of the treatment and commemoration of the dead.
The archaeological record is the body of physical (not written) evidence about the past. It is one of the core concepts in archaeology, [1] the academic discipline concerned with documenting and interpreting the archaeological record. [2] Archaeological theory is
Archaeological excavation is an unrepeatable process, since the same area of the ground cannot be excavated twice. [24] Thus, archaeology is often known as a destructive science, where you must destroy the original evidence in order to make observations.
Evidence of provenance in the more general sense can be of importance in archaeology. Fakes are not unknown, and finds are sometimes removed from the context in which they were found without documentation, reducing their value to science. Even when apparently discovered in situ, archaeological finds are
The bones of humans found in the system range from just 150 years ago to 6,000 years ago. Additional evidence—such as pottery, sediment, and animal bones—shows that the tunnel usage started ...
Both convinced the archaeological community of the importance of studying plant remains by demonstrating their potential contribution to the discipline; the former produced a detailed paleoenvironmental reconstruction that was integral to the archaeological interpretation of the site and the latter yielded the first evidence for plant ...
Archaeologists have recently publicized the earliest known evidence of Christianity north of Italy, calling the discovery one of the "most significant testimonies of early Christianity."