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Oxford Economic Papers 59.suppl 1 (2007): i8–i30, uses econometrics to argue Britain fared better than either France or the United States. Rose, J. H. "Napoleon and English Commerce." English Historical Review 8#32 (1893): 704–25. online. Ruppenthal, Roland. "Denmark and the Continental System." Journal of Modern History 15.1 (1943): 7–23 ...
The First French Empire [4] [a] or French Empire (French: Empire français; Latin: Imperium Francicum), also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental Europe at the beginning of the 19th century.
Constituent Kingdom of the Holy Roman Empire 951–1806 (although its states became autonomous in 1176 and for most practical purposes it ceased to exist far earlier than 1806) 1805 – 1814: In 1805 Napoleon crowned himself King of Italy and subsequently created a client-kingdom in north-eastern Italy. Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic) – 1812
Historians in the United States and Canada see it as a war in its own right, while Europeans often see it as a minor theatre of the Napoleonic Wars. The United States declared war on Britain because of British military support for Native Americans, interference with American merchant ships, forced enlistment of American sailors into the Royal ...
Puppet states and occupied territories (Note: Spanish America was rebelling against Spain and the Dutch colonial empire was occupied by the British) Europe in 1812. France had several puppet states between 1792–1815 (the French First Republic and the First French Empire) and 1852–1870 (the Second French Empire).
The Napoleonic era is a period in the history of France and Europe. It is generally classified as including the fourth and final stage of the French Revolution , the first being the National Assembly , the second being the Legislative Assembly , and the third being the French Directory .
In 1809, Eugène's Army of Italy formed the right wing of Napoleon I's invasion of the Austrian Empire, winning a considerable victory at Raab and having a respectable share in the victory at Wagram. [8] [11] In 1812, Eugène de Beauharnais marched 27,000 troops of the Kingdom of Italy into Russia. [12]
The military machine Napoleon the artilleryman had created was perfectly suited to fight short, violent campaigns, but whenever a long-term sustained effort was in the offing, it tended to expose feet of clay. [...] In the end, the logistics of the French military machine proved wholly inadequate. The experiences of short campaigns had left the French supply services completed unprepared for ...