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The MPU-401, where MPU stands for MIDI Processing Unit, is an important but now obsolete interface for connecting MIDI-equipped electronic music hardware to personal computers. It was designed by Roland Corporation , which also co-authored the MIDI standard.
It is possible to play MIDI files on Wikipedia, but rather than relying on the user's browser and operating system to support MIDI files, it relies on an extension that internally converts the MIDI instructions into a digital audio file that is playable on most browsers, and displays an audio player.
FluidSynth, formerly named iiwusynth, is a free open source software synthesizer which converts MIDI note data into an audio signal using SoundFont technology without need for a SoundFont-compatible soundcard. FluidSynth can act as a virtual MIDI device, able to receive MIDI data from any program and transform it into audio on-the-fly.
RTP-MIDI sessions are also able to provide a "patchbay" feature, which required a separate hardware device with MIDI 1.0 connections. A MIDI 1.0 patchbay is a hardware device which allows dynamic connections between a set of MIDI inputs and a set of MIDI outputs, most of the time in the form of a matrix.
MIDI files contain sound events such as a finger striking a key, which can be visualized using software such as Synthesia. A MIDI file is not an audio recording. Rather, it is a set of instructions – for example, for pitch or tempo – and can use a thousand times less disk space than the equivalent recorded audio.
While the default use case for JFugue is to convert Staccato to MIDI, the architecture allows it to read and write musical information from and to a variety of formats (e.g., MIDI to MusicXML, [8] Staccato to LilyPond). Below is an example converting a MIDI file to the Staccato format.
Shortly after the MIDI standard came out Roland introduced the Roland MPU-101, a MIDI to CV/gate converter that takes an input from four MIDI channels; i.e. a variable base MIDI channel plus the next three consecutive MIDI channels and converted up to four MIDI channels into four separate CV/gate outputs able to control four separate CV/gate ...
Since the existing MIDI file format already supported embedded "tagging" information, this caused the disadvantage of having to deal with two file formats for the same type of information. The MIDI Manufacturers Association have since embraced the RIFF-based MIDI file format, and used it as the basis of an "extended midifile" that also includes ...