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For most people, recommendations are to reduce blood pressure to less than or equal to somewhere between 140/90 mmHg and 160/100 mmHg. [2] In general, for people with elevated blood pressure, attempting to achieve lower levels of blood pressure than the recommended 140/90 mmHg will create more harm than benefits, [3] in particular for older people. [4]
Guidelines on the choice of agents and how best to step up treatment for various subgroups in hypertension (high blood pressure) have changed over time and differ between countries. A Comparison of International Guidelines on Goal Blood Pressure and Initial Therapy for Adults With Hypertension (adapted from JNC 8 guidelines [ 1 ] )
The effect of treatment of blood pressure between 130/80 mmHg and 160/100 mmHg is less clear, with some reviews finding benefit [6] [16] [17] [18] and others finding unclear benefit. [19] [20] High blood pressure affects 33% of the population globally. [9] About half of all people with high blood pressure do not know that they have it. [9]
Labile hypertension occurs when there are unexpected changes in blood pressure.The term can be used to describe when people have blood pressure measurements that abruptly fluctuate from being abnormally high, approximately 140/90mm Hg or over and returns to its normal range.
Mean blood pressure rises from early adulthood, plateauing in mid-life, while pulse pressure rises quite markedly after the age of 40. Consequently, in many older people, systolic blood pressure often exceeds the normal adult range, [33] if the diastolic pressure is in the normal range this is termed isolated systolic hypertension.
Using the results of the blood pressure test, the health care provider will diagnose prehypertension or high blood pressure if: For an adult, systolic or diastolic readings are consistently higher than 120/80 mmHg. A child's blood pressure numbers are outside average numbers for children of the same age, gender, and height. [40]
A diagram explaining factors affecting arterial pressure. Pathophysiology is a study which explains the function of the body as it relates to diseases and conditions. The pathophysiology of hypertension is an area which attempts to explain mechanistically the causes of hypertension, which is a chronic disease characterized by elevation of blood pressure.
In medicine, systolic hypertension is defined as an elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP). [1] If the systolic blood pressure is elevated (>140) with a normal (<90) diastolic blood pressure (DBP), it is called isolated systolic hypertension. [2] Eighty percent of people with systolic hypertension are over the age of 65 years old. [3] Isolated ...