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A Clifford algebra is a unital associative algebra that contains and is generated by a vector space V over a field K, where V is equipped with a quadratic form Q : V → K.The Clifford algebra Cl(V, Q) is the "freest" unital associative algebra generated by V subject to the condition [c] = , where the product on the left is that of the algebra, and the 1 on the right is the algebra's ...
By definition of the Lorentz group, it preserves the quadratic form =. The surfaces of transitivity of the orthochronous Lorentz group O + (1, 3), Q(x) = const. acting on flat spacetime R 1,3 are the following: [3]
Using homogeneous coordinates, a non-zero quadratic form in n variables defines an (n − 2)-dimensional quadric in the (n − 1)-dimensional projective space. This is a basic construction in projective geometry. In this way one may visualize 3-dimensional real quadratic forms as conic sections.
By definition, a quadric X of dimension n over a field k is the subspace of + defined by q = 0, where q is a nonzero homogeneous polynomial of degree 2 over k in variables , …, +. (A homogeneous polynomial is also called a form, and so q may be called a quadratic form.)
Sprott [43] found a three-dimensional system with just five terms, that had only one nonlinear term, which exhibits chaos for certain parameter values. Zhang and Heidel [ 44 ] [ 45 ] showed that, at least for dissipative and conservative quadratic systems, three-dimensional quadratic systems with only three or four terms on the right-hand side ...
Given a finite-dimensional vector space over a field with a symmetric bilinear form (the inner product, [b] e.g., the Euclidean or Lorentzian metric) : , the geometric algebra of the quadratic space (,) is the Clifford algebra (,) , an element of which is called a multivector.
In mathematics, the signature (v, p, r) [clarification needed] of a metric tensor g (or equivalently, a real quadratic form thought of as a real symmetric bilinear form on a finite-dimensional vector space) is the number (counted with multiplicity) of positive, negative and zero eigenvalues of the real symmetric matrix g ab of the metric tensor with respect to a basis.
A pseudo-Euclidean space is an affine space with an associated real vector space equipped with a non-degenerate quadratic form (that may be indefinite). A fundamental example of such a space is the Minkowski space, which is the space-time of Einstein's special relativity. It is a four-dimensional space, where the metric is defined by the ...