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  2. Essence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essence

    Essence (Latin: essentia) has various meanings and uses for different thinkers and in different contexts.It is used in philosophy and theology as a designation for the property or set of properties or attributes that make an entity the entity it is or, expressed negatively, without which it would lose its identity.

  3. Ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics

    According to Aristotle, how to lead a good life is one of the central questions of ethics. [1]Ethics, also called moral philosophy, is the study of moral phenomena. It is one of the main branches of philosophy and investigates the nature of morality and the principles that govern the moral evaluation of conduct, character traits, and institutions.

  4. Reserved occupation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserved_occupation

    Badge given to a steelworker in 1915 to show that he was in a reserved occupation, and thus avoid receiving "white feathers" from women.. Some of the reserved occupations included clergymen, farmers, doctors, teachers and certain industrial workers such as coal miners, dock workers and train drivers and iron and steel workers.

  5. Meaning of life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meaning_of_life

    The first English use of the expression "meaning of life" appears in Thomas Carlyle's Sartor Resartus (1833–1834), book II chapter IX, "The Everlasting Yea". [1]Our Life is compassed round with Necessity; yet is the meaning of Life itself no other than Freedom, than Voluntary Force: thus have we a warfare; in the beginning, especially, a hard-fought battle.

  6. Essentialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essentialism

    Essentialism has emerged as an important concept in psychology, particularly developmental psychology. [63] [66] In 1991, Kathryn Kremer and Susan Gelman studied the extent to which children from four–seven years old demonstrate essentialism. Children believed that underlying essences predicted observable behaviours.

  7. Essential services - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_services

    Essential services may refer to a class of occupations that have been legislated by a government to have special restrictions in regard to labour actions such as not being allowed to strike. The International Labour Office , a United Nations agency, distinguishes an essential service from a minimum service.

  8. Motivation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motivation

    Toggle Definition, measurement, and semantic field subsection. ... Some theorists hold that a desire to do something is an essential part of all motivational states.

  9. Essentially contested concept - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essentially_contested_concept

    Barry Clarke suggested that, in order to determine whether a particular dispute was a consequence of true polysemy or inadvertent homonymy, one should seek to "locate the source of the dispute"; and in doing so, one might find that the source was "within the concept itself", or "[within] some underlying non-conceptual disagreement between the contestants".