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Noise figure (NF) and noise factor (F) are figures of merit that indicate degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) that is caused by components in a signal chain.These figures of merit are used to evaluate the performance of an amplifier or a radio receiver, with lower values indicating better performance.
Friis's formula is used to calculate the total noise factor of a cascade of stages, each with its own noise factor and power gain (assuming that the impedances are matched at each stage). The total noise factor can then be used to calculate the total noise figure. The total noise factor is given as
Environmental noise can be any external noise that can potentially impact the effectiveness of communication. [2] These noises can be any type of sight (i.e., car accident, television show), sound (i.e., talking, music, ringtones), or stimuli (i.e., tapping on the shoulder) that can distract someone from receiving the message. [3]
But in signal processing and communication, one usually assumes that = [3] so that factor is usually not included while measuring power or energy of a signal. This may cause some confusion among readers, but the resistance factor is not significant for typical operations performed in signal processing, or for computing power ratios.
The noise factor (a linear term) is more often expressed as the noise figure (in decibels) using the conversion: = The noise figure can also be seen as the decrease in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) caused by passing a signal through a system if the original signal had a noise temperature of 290 K. This is a common way of expressing the noise ...
Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information. Its precise definition is disputed and there are ... Noise is another negative factor.
Radio noise near in frequency to a received radio signal (in the receiver's passband) interferes (RFI) with the operation of the receiver's circuitry.The level of noise determines the maximum sensitivity and reception range of a radio receiver; if no noise were picked up with radio signals, even weak transmissions could be received at virtually any distance by making a radio receiver that had ...
In information theory and telecommunication engineering, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR [1]) (also known as the signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SNIR) [2]) is a quantity used to give theoretical upper bounds on channel capacity (or the rate of information transfer) in wireless communication systems such as networks.