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EWMA weights samples in geometrically decreasing order so that the most recent samples are weighted most highly while the most distant samples contribute very little. [2]: 406 Although the normal distribution is the basis of the EWMA chart, the chart is also relatively robust in the face of non-normally distributed quality characteristics.
The weighted arithmetic mean is similar to an ordinary arithmetic mean (the most common type of average), except that instead of each of the data points contributing equally to the final average, some data points contribute more than others.
If the total mass and center of mass can be determined for each area, then the center of mass of the whole is the weighted average of the centers. [18] This method can even work for objects with holes, which can be accounted for as negative masses. [19]
Data can be binary, ordinal, or continuous variables. It works by normalizing the differences between each pair of variables and then computing a weighted average of these differences. The distance was defined in 1971 by Gower [1] and it takes values between 0 and 1 with smaller values indicating higher similarity.
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The lower chart shows the same elements with weights as indicated by the width of the boxes. The weighted median is shown in red and is different than the ordinary median. In statistics, a weighted median of a sample is the 50% weighted percentile. [1] [2] [3] It was first proposed by F. Y. Edgeworth in 1888.
The second form above illustrates that the logarithm of the geometric mean is the weighted arithmetic mean of the logarithms of the individual values. If all the weights are equal, the weighted geometric mean simplifies to the ordinary unweighted geometric mean. [1]
This method can also be used to create spatial weights matrices in spatial autocorrelation analyses (e.g. Moran's I). [1] The name given to this type of method was motivated by the weighted average applied, since it resorts to the inverse of the distance to each known point ("amount of proximity") when assigning weights.