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Northumbria, in modern contexts, usually refers to the region of England between the Tees and Tweed, including the historic counties of Northumberland and Durham, [1] but it may also be taken to be synonymous with North East England.
Northumbria (/ n ɔːr ˈ θ ʌ m b r i ə /; Old English: Norþanhymbra rīċe [ˈnorˠðɑnˌhymbrɑ ˈriːt͡ʃe]; Latin: Regnum Northanhymbrorum) [2] was an early medieval Anglian kingdom in what is now Northern England and South Scotland.
Northumberland is often called the "cradle of Christianity" in England because Christianity flourished on Lindisfarne—a tidal island north of Bamburgh, also called Holy Island—after King Oswald of Northumbria (r. 634–642) invited monks from Iona to come to convert the English.
In addition to formal demonyms, many nicknames are used for residents of the different settlements and regions of the United Kingdom.For example, natives and residents of Liverpool are formally referred to as Liverpudlians, but are most commonly referred to as Scousers (after their local dish).
After the end of the Roman occupation of Britain, the area now known as England became divided into seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms: Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Essex, Kent, Sussex and Wessex. A number of other smaller political divisions and sub-kingdoms existed.
This timeline summarises significant events in the history of Northumbria and Northumberland. 500 559 – Ida of Bernicia is the first known King of Bernicia ; he reigned from 547 to 559. 588 – The first king of Deira was Ælla of Deira who ruled from 560 until his death in 588. 600 604 – Aethelfrith unites Bernicia and Deira to form Northumbria. 613 – Æthelfrith engaged in the Battle ...
Since Northumbria Specialist Emergency Care Hospital (NSECH) opened in Cramlington in 2015 it has called the police many times because of violence towards staff, patients and visitors.
Northumberland, as its boundaries are today, shown here within England. Northumberland, England's northernmost county, is a land where Roman occupiers once guarded a walled frontier, Anglian invaders fought with Celtic natives, and Norman lords built castles to suppress rebellion and defend a contested border with Scotland.