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TIGER data published through February 2007 (2006 Second Edition) were in a custom text-based format formally known as TIGER/Line files. In 2008, data in shapefile format was published. Please note that shapefiles are not topological, therefore may create slivers when comparing TIGER/Line boundaries.
U.S. Gazetteer, TIGER/Line shapefiles, census data. National Historical Geographic Information System: NHGIS provides free of charge, aggregate census data and GIS-compatible boundary files for the United States between 1790 and 2012. Atlas of Historical County Boundaries Project (AHCBP)
The most notable example of this was the publication of the Esri Shapefile format, [5] which by the late 1990s had become the most popular de facto standard for data sharing by the entire geospatial industry. [6]
The shapefile format is a digital vector storage format for storing geographic location and associated attribute information. This format lacks the capacity to store topological information. The shapefile format was introduced with ArcView GIS version 2 in the early 1990s. It is now possible to read and write geographical datasets using the ...
The Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) of the United States are a set of publicly announced standards that the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed for use in computer situs of non-military United States government agencies and contractors. [1]
To learn how to add geographic coordinates to a page using templates, please see Wikipedia:WikiProject Geographical coordinates. To paste a location map with a dot (using the city of Madrid as an example), copy and paste the following code: {{Location map|Spain|label=Madrid|mark=Green_pog.svg |lat=40.5|long=-3.7|width=230|float=center}}
In a statement, the agency said Interior Secretary Doug Burgum, the former governor of North Dakota, signed six orders on his first day in office. The moves by Burgum signal a dramatic shift in ...
GIS software distinguishes the interior and the exterior by requiring that the line be ordered counter-clockwise, so the interior is always on the left side of the boundary. In nearly every format, a polygon can have "holes" (e.g., an island in a lake) by including interior rings, each in clockwise order (so the interior is still on the left).