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With the spread of the La Tene culture at the 5th century BC, iron swords had completely replaced bronze all over Europe. These swords eventually evolved into, among others, the Roman gladius and spatha, and the Greek xiphos and the Germanic sword of the Roman Iron Age, which evolved into the Viking sword in the 8th century.
Modern reconstruction of a Greek xiphos and scabbard. Actaeon holding a xiphos. Painted vase from Metaponto, c. 390–380 BC. The xiphos (Ancient Greek: ξίφος; plural xiphe, Ancient Greek: ξίφη [ksípʰɛː]) [1] is a double-edged, one-handed Iron Age straight shortsword used by the ancient Greeks.
A Greek hoplite with muscle cuirass, spear, shield, Corinthian helmet and sheathed sword. Ancient Greek weapons and armor were primarily geared towards combat between individuals. Their primary technique was called the phalanx, a formation consisting of massed shield wall, which required heavy frontal armor and medium-ranged weapons such as ...
The word comes from the Latin spatha, [1] which derives from the Greek word σπάθη (spáthē), meaning "any broad blade, of wood or metal" but also "broad blade of a sword". [2] The Greek word σπάθη was used in the middle archaic period for various types of Iron Age swords.
The acinaces, also transliterated as akinakes (Greek ἀκῑνάκης) or akinaka (unattested Old Persian *akīnaka h, Sogdian kynʼk) is a type of dagger or xiphos (short sword) used mainly in the first millennium BCE in the eastern Mediterranean Basin, especially by the Medes, [1] Scythians, Persians and Caspians, [2] then by the Greeks.
Archaeologists carefully pulled the swords from the stone graves, photos show. Viking-age swords — stabbed into a burial mound 1,200 years ago — uncovered in Sweden Skip to main content
Reconstructions of Mycenaean swords, the bottom one a makhaira-type sword. The makhaira is a type of Ancient Greek bladed weapon and tool, generally a large knife or sword , similar in appearance to the modern day machete , with a single cutting edge.
Iron Age swords: Seax, a tool and weapon, common in Northern Europe. ... Among most Greek warriors, this weapon had an iron blade of about 60 cm (24 in). The Spartan ...