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High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), also known as glucose–fructose, isoglucose and glucose–fructose syrup, [1] [2] is a sweetener made from corn starch. As in the production of conventional corn syrup , the starch is broken down into glucose by enzymes.
Glucose syrup was the primary corn sweetener in the United States prior to the expanded use of high fructose corn syrup production in 1964. [14] HFCS is a variant in which other enzymes are used to convert some of the glucose into fructose. [ 15 ]
He is best known for being the first person to create High Fructose Corn Syrup along with his partner Earl R. Kooi in 1957. They first discovered how to use the glucose isomerase enzyme to convert glucose to fructose [1] while working at the Corn Products Company. They patented the process in 1960. [2]
In May 2010, Hunt's removed high-fructose corn syrup from its ketchup due to buyer preference as a result of health concerns, [17] but has since put High Fructose Corn Syrup back in their ketchup. [18] Heinz now offers a ketchup made with sugar instead of HFCS called "Simply Heinz." [19]
Earl R. Kooi (1917–2003) was an American biochemist best known for being the first to make high fructose corn syrup in 1957 with his partner Richard O. Marshall at the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. They first discovered how to use the glucose isomerase enzyme to convert glucose to fructose [1] while working at the Corn Products ...
In 1999, sugar consumption in the U.S. peaked at nearly half a pound per person per day, but has declined since then. High fructose syrup (HFCS) consumption, which in 1999 amounted to over 65 lb per person per year, largely in form of sugar-sweetened beverages, dropped to 39.5 lb by 2021. [18]
High-maltose corn syrup (HMCS) is a food additive used as a sweetener and preservative. The majority sugar is maltose. It is less sweet than high-fructose corn syrup [1] and contains little to no fructose. [1] It is sweet enough to be useful as a sweetener in commercial food production, however. [2]
High-fructose corn syrup is a mixture of glucose and fructose as monosaccharides. Sucrose is a compound with one molecule of glucose covalently linked to one molecule of fructose. All forms of fructose, including those found in fruits and juices, are commonly added to foods and drinks for palatability and taste enhancement, and for browning of ...