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The Sack of Mecca occurred on 11 January 930, when the Qarmatians of Bahrayn sacked the Muslim holy city amidst the rituals of the Hajj pilgrimage.. The Qarmatians, a radical Isma'ili sect established in Bahrayn since the turn of the 9th century, had previously attacked the caravans of Hajj pilgrims and even invaded and raided Iraq, the heartland of the Abbasid Caliphate, in 927–928.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources .
930: Sack of Mecca by the Qarmatian ruler Abu Tahir al-Jannabi. Th Qarmatians carry away the Black Stone from the Kaaba. In Spain, Abd al-Rahman III declares himself Caliph of Córdoba. 931: Deposition and restoration of the Abbasid Caliph al-Muqtadir. 932: Death of the Abbasid Caliph Muqtadir; accession of al-Qahir.
[5] [6] Many of the Qarmatian ranks were slaughtered by the Hudhayl, who were eventually able to free the prisoners whom the Qarmatians had taken captive as they were raiding Mecca earlier. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] After the fighting had died down, the Hudhayl took a large number of camels from the Qarmatians as war booty, before continuing to block any ...
The sack of Mecca followed millenarian excitement among the Qarmatians (and in Persia) over the conjunction of Saturn and Jupiter in 928. Bahrain became the seat of the Qarmatian Mahdi-Caliph from Isfahan who abolished Sharīa law. The new Mahdi also changed the qibla of prayer from Mecca to that of fire, a specifically Zoroastrian practice.
The date Muhammad set out for Mecca is variously given as 2, 6 or 10 Ramadan 8 AH. [4] The date Muhammad entered Mecca is variously given as 10, 17/18, 19 or 20 Ramadan 8 AH. [4] The conversion of these dates to the Julian calendar depends on what assumptions are made about the calendar in use in Mecca at the time.
Under al-Jannabi (ruled 923–944), the Qarmaṭians came close to capturing Baghdad in 927, and sacked Mecca in 930, The Qarmatians also sacked Medina. [27] In their attack on Islam's holiest sites, the Qarmatians desecrated the Zamzam Well with corpses of Hajj pilgrims and took the Black Stone from Mecca to Ain Al Kuayba [28] in Qatif.
Muhammad returned to Mecca not long before his death, following the victory of his forces in the Muslim–Quraysh War (Arabic: فتح مكة Fatḥ Makkah). The date Muhammad set out for Mecca is variously given as 2, 6 or 10 Ramadan 8 AH [63] (December 629 or January 630). [63] [64] (10–20 Ramadan, 8 AH). [63]