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Tourette syndrome or Tourette's syndrome (abbreviated as TS or Tourette's) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in childhood or adolescence. It is characterized by multiple movement (motor) tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic.
In Canada, Native children in the isolated Northern Labrador community of Davis Inlet were the focus of national concern in 1993, when many were found to be sniffing gasoline. The Canadian and provincial Newfoundland and Labrador governments intervened on a number of occasions, sending many children away for treatment.
Some examples include exercise, [1] sleep improvement, [2] and dietary habits. [3] Non-pharmacological interventions may be intended to prevent or treat (ameliorate or cure) diseases or other health-related conditions, or to improve public health. They can be educational and may involve a variety of lifestyle or environmental changes. [4]
Treatment often involves promoting better communication and socializing, and reducing behaviors that can be disruptive. Children with pervasive developmental disorders may be placed in special education classes, receive behavior modification training, speech, physical or occupational therapy, or medication.
There is no definitive treatment available or needed for breath-holding spells, as the child will eventually outgrow them. [ 6 ] Some trials have demonstrated the efficacy of iron therapy, especially because although BHS can readily occur without anemia , BHS has been found to be aggravated by the presence of anemia.
Sniffing is observed among all terrestrial vertebrates, wherein they inhale environmental air. [19] Sniffing may also occur in underwater environments wherein an animal may exhale air from within its lungs and nasal cavity to acquire odors within an aquatic environment and then re-inhale this air. [20] (See sniffing in small animals.)
Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) previously known as West syndrome needs the inclusion of epileptic spasms for diagnosis. [1] Epileptic spasms (also known as infantile spasms) may also occur outside of a syndrome (that is, in the absence of hypsarrhythmia and cognitive regression) - notably in association with severe brain disorders (e.g. lissencephaly).
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder management options are evidence-based practices with established treatment efficacy for ADHD.Approaches that have been evaluated in the management of ADHD symptoms include FDA-approved pharmacologic treatment and other pharmaceutical agents, psychological or behavioral approaches, combined pharmacological and behavioral approaches, cognitive training ...