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Female genital mutilation in the United Kingdom is the ritual removal of some or all of the external female genitalia of women and girls living in the UK. According to Equality Now and City University London, an estimated 103,000 women and girls aged 15–49 were thought to be living with female genital mutilation (FGM) in England and Wales as of 2011.
The Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 (c. 31) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom applying to England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It replaced the Prohibition of Female Circumcision Act 1985, extending the ban on female genital mutilation to address the practice of taking girls abroad to undergo FGM procedures, and increased the maximum penalty from 5 to 14 years' imprisonment. [2]
Despite this there have been no successful prosecutions for FGM in the UK. [2] Keith Vaz, then the Chair of the Home Affairs Select Committee, "It is shocking that 28 years on from female genital mutilation first being made a criminal offence, there has not yet been a successful prosecution in the UK. The Committee's inquiry will seek to find ...
[3] [4] [5] A March 2020 report by End FGM European Network, U.S. End FGM/C Network and Equality Now found that FGM was practiced in at least 92 countries across all continents, [3] while 51 of them had a law that specifically criminalised FGM. [1]: 11 FGM was illegal in 22 of the 28 most FGM-prevalent countries in Africa in September 2018. [6]
A former PhD student has been sentenced to four-and-a-half years in prison after he became the first person to be convicted of conspiracy to commit female genital mutilation in England and Wales.
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The crime only came to light years later when the girl was aged 16 and confided in her English teacher at school.
In the United Kingdom, the term public inquiry, also known as a tribunal of inquiry, refers to either statutory or non-statutory inquiries that have been established either previously by the monarch or by government ministers of the United Kingdom, Scottish, Northern Irish and Welsh governments to investigate either specific, controversial events or policy proposals.