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Sambucus nigra is a species complex of flowering plants in the family Viburnaceae native to most of Europe. [1] Common names include elder, elderberry, black elder, European elder, European elderberry, and European black elderberry. [2] [3] It grows in a variety of conditions including both wet and dry fertile soils, primarily in sunny locations.
This basic guide to growing elderberry plants includes planting and care tips, types to grow, and best companion plants.
Traditional uses of Sambucus involved berries, seeds, leaves, and flowers or component extracts. [13] Ornamental varieties of Sambucus are grown in gardens for their showy flowers, fruits and lacy foliage which support habitat for wildlife. [14] Of the many native species, three are used as ornamentals: S. canadensis, S. nigra, and S. racemosa ...
Traditional methods of consuming elderberry includes jams, jellies, and syrups, all of which cook down the fruit and strain out the seeds. Unpublished research may show that S. canadensis (American elderberry) has lower cyanide levels than apple juice, and that its fruit does not contain enough beta-glucosidase (which convert glucosides into ...
The bark of Sambucus is often used as “a cathartic, laxative, and diuretic”. [7] The preparation of the bark involves aging for at least a year so that the cyanide has time to degrade. Sambucus and other western species of elderberry need more time than other elderberry species as they have larger amounts of cyanide.
Sambucus racemosa is often a treelike shrub growing 2–6 m (7–20 ft) tall. The stems are soft with a pithy center.. Each individual leaf is composed of 5 to 7 leaflike leaflets, each of which is up to 16 cm (6 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) long, lance-shaped to narrowly oval, and irregularly serrated along the edges.
Sambucus cerulea is a large, deciduous shrub grow to 6 metres (20 ft) in height and width. [4] It normally grows rather wildly from several stems, which can be heavily pruned (or even cut to the ground) during winter dormancy.
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