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The early Victorian era before the reforms of the 1840s became notorious for the employment of young children in factories and mines and as chimney sweeps. [ 18 ] [ 19 ] Child labour played an important role in the Industrial Revolution from its outset: novelist Charles Dickens , for example, worked at the age of 12 in a blacking factory, with ...
Restrictions on colonial trade were loosened and responsible (i.e. semi-autonomous) government was introduced in some territories. [14] [15] Depiction of the defence of Rorke's Drift during the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879 by Alphonse de Neuville (1880) Throughout most of the 19th century Britain was the most powerful country in the world. [16]
The Trades Hall is located across the road from the eight-hour day monument which was erected to honour the Victorian workers who won the first 8-hour working day in the world in 1856. It is the birthplace of organisations like the Victorian Labor Party and the Australian Council of Trade Unions.
By the mid-1960s the rag-and-bone trade as a whole had fallen into decline; in the 1950s, Manchester and Salford had, between them, around 60 rag merchants, but this had dropped to about 12 by 1978, many having moved into the scrap-metal trade. Local merchants blamed several factors, including demographic changes, for the decline of their industry.
When the Gregorian calendar was adopted in 1752 and eleven days dropped from that year, events associated with the end of the harvest moved eleven days later to 10 October. This date is known as "Old Michaelmas Day" and since 1752 was the date of the mop fairs. Although many towns continue to hold mop fairs to this day, traditional hiring fairs ...
Cooper readies or rounds off the end of a barrel using a cooper's hand adze Assembly of a barrel, called mise en rose' in French. A cooper is a craftsman who produces wooden casks, barrels, vats, buckets, tubs, troughs, and other similar containers from timber staves that were usually heated or steamed to make them pliable.
Tradesmen/women are contrasted with laborers, agricultural workers, and professionals (those in the learned professions). [3] Skilled tradesmen are distinguished: from laborers such as bus drivers, truck drivers, cleaning laborers, and landscapers in that the laborers "rely heavily on physical exertion" while those in the skilled trades rely on and are known for "specific knowledge, skills ...
Victorian morality is a distillation of the moral views of the ... The international slave trade was ... turned Sunday into a day of prayer for some and mortification ...