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Neonatal meningitis is a serious medical condition in infants that is rapidly fatal if untreated.Meningitis, an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes of the central nervous system, is more common in the neonatal period (infants less than 44 days old) than any other time in life, and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally.
The most common causes of viral meningitis in the United States are non-polio enteroviruses. The viruses that cause meningitis are typically acquired from sick contacts. However, in most cases, people infected with viruses that may cause meningitis do not actually develop meningitis. [5] Viruses that can cause meningitis include: [17]
It may identify bacteria in bacterial meningitis and may assist in distinguishing the various causes of viral meningitis (enterovirus, herpes simplex virus 2 and mumps in those not vaccinated for this). [22] Serology (identification of antibodies to viruses) may be useful in viral meningitis. [22]
Most forms of aseptic meningitis are viral in origin, though neoplastic and Lyme disease meningitis are also aseptic. California encephalitis virus; Central nervous system viral disease; Cytomegalovirus encephalitis; SARS-CoV-2; Eastern equine encephalitis; Enterovirus encephalitis; Epstein Barr Virus encephalitis; Herpes simplex encephalitis ...
The most common cause of aseptic meningitis is a viral infection, specifically by enteroviruses. In fact, 90 percent of all meningitis cases that are viral are caused by enteroviruses. [2] Other viruses that may cause aseptic meningitis are varicella zoster virus, herpes, and mumps. [4]
Infants requiring intravascular catheters and other invasive procedures are at increased risk for developing LOS. [3] There are many etiologies of neonatal infection, including bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens. The source of infectious bacteria and other pathogens is often the maternal gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract.
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infectious disease involving the central nervous system. The disease most often manifests as meningitis, encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. Myelitis and spinal paralysis also occurs. In about one third of cases sequelae, predominantly cognitive dysfunction, persist for a year or more. [1]
Patients with meningitis may have a stiff neck, fever, headache, myalgia, nausea and malaise. In some occasions, meningitis occurs without a prodromal syndrome. [7] Meningoencephalitis is characterized by more profound neurological signs such as confusion, drowsiness, sensory abnormalities and motor signs.