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  2. Geothermal gradient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_gradient

    Earth cutaway from core to exosphere Geothermal drill machine in Wisconsin, USA. Temperature within Earth increases with depth. Highly viscous or partially molten rock at temperatures between 650 and 1,200 °C (1,200 and 2,200 °F) are found at the margins of tectonic plates, increasing the geothermal gradient in the vicinity, but only the outer core is postulated to exist in a molten or fluid ...

  3. Earth's inner core - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth's_inner_core

    The temperature of the inner core can be estimated from the melting temperature of impure iron at the pressure which iron is under at the boundary of the inner core (about 330 GPa). From these considerations, in 2002, D. Alfè and others estimated its temperature as between 5,400 K (5,100 °C; 9,300 °F) and 5,700 K (5,400 °C; 9,800 °F). [ 5 ]

  4. Earth's internal heat budget - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth's_internal_heat_budget

    Global map of the flux of heat, in mW/m 2, from Earth's interior to the surface. [1] The largest values of heat flux coincide with mid-ocean ridges, and the smallest values of heat flux occur in stable continental interiors. Earth's internal heat budget is fundamental to the thermal history of the Earth.

  5. Geothermal energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_energy

    Temperatures at the core–mantle boundary can reach over 4,000 °C (7,230 °F). [18] The Earth's internal thermal energy flows to the surface by conduction at a rate of 44.2 terawatts (TW), [19] and is replenished by radioactive decay of minerals at a rate of 30 TW. [20]

  6. Thermal history of Earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_history_of_Earth

    In 1862, Lord Kelvin calculated the age of the Earth at between 20 million and 400 million years by assuming that Earth had formed as a completely molten object, and determined the amount of time it would take for the near-surface to cool to its present temperature. Since uniformitarianism required a much older Earth, there was a contradiction.

  7. Internal structure of Earth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_structure_of_Earth

    Earth's crust and mantle, Mohorovičić discontinuity between bottom of crust and solid uppermost mantle. Earth's mantle extends to a depth of 2,890 km (1,800 mi), making it the planet's thickest layer. [20] [This is 45% of the 6,371 km (3,959 mi) radius, and 83.7% of the volume - 0.6% of the volume is the crust].

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    mail.aol.com

    Get AOL Mail for FREE! Manage your email like never before with travel, photo & document views. Personalize your inbox with themes & tabs. You've Got Mail!

  9. File:1880- Global surface temperature - heat map animation ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1880-_Global_surface...

    This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies. Normal temperatures are shown in white. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower than normal temperatures are shown in blue. Normal temperatures are calculated over the 30 year baseline period 1951-1980.