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The New Testament does contain the rudiments of an argument which provides a basis for religious images or icons. Jesus was visible, and orthodox Christian doctrine maintains that Jesus is YHWH incarnate. In the Gospel of John, Jesus stated that because his disciples had seen him, they had seen God the Father (Gospel of John 14:7-9 [20]).
The Gospel of Thomas relates that the disciples asked Jesus, after his resurrection and before his Ascension, "We are aware that you will depart from us. Who will be our leader?" Jesus said to them, "No matter where you come [from] it is to James the Just that you shall go, for whose sake heaven and earth have come to exist.".
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The calling of the disciples is a key episode in the life of Jesus in the New Testament. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It appears in Matthew 4 :18–22, Mark 1 :16-20 and Luke 5 :1–11 on the Sea of Galilee . John 1 :35–51 reports the first encounter with two of the disciples a little earlier in the presence of John the Baptist .
Jesus and the two disciples On the Road to Emmaus, by Duccio, 1308–1311, Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Siena. According to the Gospel of Luke, the road to Emmaus appearance is one of the early post-resurrection appearances of Jesus after his crucifixion and the discovery of the empty tomb.
The last episode, far less commonly shown, is the Farewell Discourse, the farewell of Jesus to his disciples. By this point Judas Iscariot is no longer present, having left the supper; it is mostly found in Italian trecento painting. The depictions here are generally melancholy, as Jesus prepares his disciples for his departure. [1]
Images of Jesus tend to show ethnic characteristics similar to those of the culture in which the image has been created. Beliefs that certain images are historically authentic, or have acquired an authoritative status from Church tradition, remain powerful among some of the faithful, in Eastern Orthodoxy, Lutheranism, Anglicanism, and Roman ...
The prohibition against icons was due to verses in Exodus 20:4 which critiqued the worship of graven images. [31] [32] Most figurative images were destroyed or plastered over, with exceptions of images at the monastery of Saint Catherine on Mount Sinai, Egypt. [33] [30] Byzantine art style declined after the Fall of Constantinople in 1453. [34 ...