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Spina bifida is a birth defect that affects the lowest part of the spine and occurs when a fetus's neural tube does not fully close, causing the backbone that protects the spinal cord not to form ...
Medical imaging can confirm the diagnosis after birth. [5] Spina bifida is a type of neural tube defect related to but distinct from other types such as anencephaly and encephalocele. [13] Most cases of spina bifida can be prevented if the mother gets enough folate before and during pregnancy. [3]
Risks of fetal surgery, specifically prenatal spina bifida repair, include premature rupture of membranes, uterine rupture in future pregnancies, premature birth and intraspinal inclusion cysts or a tethered cord in the fetus or newborn baby. [4] Open fetal surgery has proven to be reasonably safe for the mother. [3]
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Anencephaly can be diagnosed before delivery with a high degree of accuracy. Although anencephaly is a fatal condition, the option of abortion is dependent on the abortion laws in the state. [34] According to a 2013 report, 26% of the world's population reside in a country where abortion is generally prohibited.
The photograph was taken during a medical procedure to fix the spina bifida lesion of a 21-week-old fetus. The operation was performed by a surgical team at Vanderbilt University in Nashville. The team, Dr. Joseph Bruner and Dr. Noel Tulipan, had been developing a technique for correcting certain fetal problems in mid-pregnancy.
The family says one of their biggest obstacles was one of the things they all have in common: spina bifida, or birth defects affecting the spine that can result in mobility and other issues.
Iniencephaly is a rare type of cephalic disorder [1] [2] characterised by three common characteristics: a defect to the occipital bone, spina bifida of the cervical vertebrae and retroflexion (backward bending) of the head on the cervical spine. [3]