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Exercise. Staying physically active is important to maintain fluid balance in the body and prevent water retention, the experts note. Exercise can also promote fluid loss through sweating ...
Lipid peroxidation, or lipid oxidation, is a complex chemical process that leads to oxidative degradation of lipids, [1] resulting in the formation of peroxide and hydroperoxide derivatives. [2] It occurs when free radicals, specifically reactive oxygen species (ROS), interact with lipids within cell membranes, typically polyunsaturated fatty ...
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen (O2), water, and hydrogen peroxide. Some prominent ROS are hydroperoxide (O 2 H), superoxide (O 2-), [ 1 ] hydroxyl radical (OH.), and singlet oxygen. [ 2 ] ROS are pervasive because they are readily produced from O 2, which is ...
Autoxidation (sometimes auto-oxidation) refers to oxidations brought about by reactions with oxygen at normal temperatures, without the intervention of flame or electric spark. [1] The term is usually used to describe the gradual degradation of organic compounds in air at ambient temperatures. Many common phenomena can be attributed to ...
Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. [1] Disturbances in the normal redox state of cells can cause toxic effects through the production of peroxides and free radicals ...
In organic chemistry, organic peroxides are organic compounds containing the peroxide functional group (R−O−O−R′). If the R′ is hydrogen, the compounds are called hydroperoxides, which are discussed in that article. The O−O bond of peroxides easily breaks, producing free radicals of the form RO• (the dot represents an unpaired ...
Peroxisome in rat neonatal cardiomyocyte. A peroxisome (IPA: [pɛɜˈɹɒksɪˌsoʊm]) [ 1 ] is a membrane-bound organelle, a type of microbody, found in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. [ 2 ][ 3 ] Peroxisomes are oxidative organelles. Frequently, molecular oxygen serves as a co-substrate, from which hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ...
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals) which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. [5] It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS).