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The Andromeda Galaxy is a barred spiral galaxy and is the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way. It was originally named the Andromeda Nebula and is cataloged as Messier 31 , M31 , and NGC 224 . Andromeda has a D 25 isophotal diameter of about 46.56 kiloparsecs (152,000 light-years ) [ 8 ] and is approximately 765 kpc (2.5 million light-years ...
The most famous deep-sky object in Andromeda is the spiral galaxy cataloged as Messier 31 (M31) or NGC 224 but known colloquially as the Andromeda Galaxy for the constellation. [53] M31 is one of the most distant objects visible to the naked eye, 2.2 million light-years from Earth (estimates range up to 2.5 million light-years). [ 54 ]
The Andromeda Galaxy with M110 at upper left and M32 to the right of the core. The Andromeda Galaxy (M31) has satellite galaxies just like the Milky Way.Orbiting M31 are at least 13 dwarf galaxies: the brightest and largest is M110, which can be seen with a basic telescope.
For example, Messier 1 is a supernova remnant, known as the Crab Nebula, and the great spiral Andromeda Galaxy is M31. Further inclusions followed; the first addition came from Nicolas Camille Flammarion in 1921, who added Messier 104 after finding Messier's side note in his 1781 edition exemplar of the catalogue.
The term "The Local Group" was introduced by Edwin Hubble in Chapter VI of his 1936 book The Realm of the Nebulae. [11] There, he described it as "a typical small group of nebulae which is isolated in the general field" and delineated, by decreasing luminosity, its members to be M31, Milky Way, M33, Large Magellanic Cloud, Small Magellanic Cloud, M32, NGC 205, NGC 6822, NGC 185, IC 1613 and ...
Mayall — Nicholas Mayall (for example: globular star cluster Mayall II orbiting Messier 31, the Andromeda galaxy) Mayer (open star clusters) McC — McCormick Observatory Catalog; MCG — Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies; MCW — Morgan, Code, and Whitford [26] Me — Merrill (planetary nebulae)
Messier 32 Elliptical galaxy: Andromeda: 00 h 42 m 41.9 s +40° 51′ 57″ 9.2 222 (Located in Small Magellanic Cloud) Open cluster: Tucana: 00 h 40 m 44.1 s: −73° 23′ 00″ 12.8 223: Spiral galaxy: Cetus: 00 h 42 m 15.9 s +00° 50′ 44″ 14.5 224: Messier 31; Andromeda Galaxy Barred spiral galaxy: Andromeda: 00 h 42 m 44.3 s +41° 16 ...
Messier 31 (or the Andromeda Galaxy) Messier 32; Messier 51 (or the Whirlpool Galaxy) Messier 60; Messier 77; Messier 81 (or Bode's Galaxy) Messier 84; Messier 87 (or Virgo A) Messier 104 (or the Sombrero Galaxy) Messier 105; Messier 106; Quiescent (Galaxy) (Black Hole at the center of the Andromeda Galaxy) Mrk 421; Mrk 501; NGC 821; NGC 1023 ...