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The economics concept of a merit good, originated by Richard Musgrave (1957, 1959), is a commodity which is judged that an individual or society should have on the basis of some concept of benefit, rather than ability and willingness to pay. The term is, perhaps, less often used presently than it was during the 1960s to 1980s but the concept ...
A good in economics is any object, service or right that increases utility, directly or indirectly. A good that cannot be used by consumers directly, such as an "office building" or "capital equipment", can also be referred to as a good as an indirect source of utility through resale value or as a source of income.
Economics focuses on the study of economic goods, or goods that are scarce; in other words, producing the good requires expending effort or resources. Economic goods contrast with free goods such as air, for which there is an unlimited supply.
A Lindahl equilibrium is a state of economic equilibrium under a Lindahl tax as well as a method for finding the optimum level for the supply of public goods or services that happens when the total per-unit price paid by each individual equals the total per-unit cost of the public good.
In economics, a public good (also referred to as a social good or collective good) [1] is a good that is both non-excludable and non-rivalrous. Use by one person neither prevents access by other people, nor does it reduce availability to others. [1] Therefore, the good can be used simultaneously by more than one person. [2]
The bulk of subsidies on merit goods go for the construction of roads and bridges, followed by elementary education and scientific research. Amongst non-merit services, the biggest recipients are industries and agriculture and allied services. 78% of subsidies which go for non-merit economic services are amenable to economic pricing.
Richard Abel Musgrave (December 14, 1910 – January 15, 2007) was an American economist of German heritage. [1] His most cited work is The Theory of Public Finance (1959), described as "the first English-language treatise in the field," [2] and "a major contribution to public finance thought."
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a good for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to necessity goods, where demand increases proportionally less than income. [1]