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Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS) is a syndrome affecting the eye, which is characterized by peripheral atrophic chorioretinal scars, atrophy or scarring adjacent to the optic disc and maculopathy. The loss of vision in POHS is caused by choroidal neovascularization.
Chorioretinitis is often caused by toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus infections (mostly seen in immunodeficient subjects such as people with HIV/AIDS or on immunosuppressant drugs). [3] Congenital toxoplasmosis via transplacental transmission can also lead to sequelae such as chorioretinitis along with hydrocephalus and cerebral calcifications.
Toxoplasma chorioretinitis, more simply known as ocular toxoplasmosis, is possibly the most common cause of infections in the back of the eye (posterior segment) worldwide. The causitive agent is Toxoplasma gondii, and in the United States, most cases are acquired congenitally. The most common symptom is decreased visual acuity in one eye.
In the ICD-9 system, a disease may have a cause listed in one chapter, and its manifestations listed in another. For example, Tuberculous meningitis is caused by a bacterial infection, and is therefore listed in Chapter 1, Infectious and parasitic diseases. However, as it results in a disorder of the nervous system, it is also listed in this ...
These areas of diminished or lost areas of the visual field are typically near the centre of vision but occasionally can be peripheral. These may be temporary or permanent. Seeing flashing lights. This is known as photopsia. The PIC lesions, which form scars deep in the choroid layer of the eye, may result in new blood vessels forming.
Excludes: chorioretinal scars after surgery for detachment (H59.8) peripheral retinal degeneration without break (H35.4) (H33.4) Traction detachment of retina Proliferative vitreo-retinopathy with retinal detachment (H33.5) Other retinal detachments [2]
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC or CSCR), also known as central serous retinopathy (CSR), is an eye disease that causes visual impairment, often temporary, usually in one eye. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] When the disorder is active it is characterized by leakage of fluid under the retina that has a propensity to accumulate under the central macula.
Unlike multiple evanescent white dot syndrome, multifocal choroiditis is a chronic disorder and macular scarring contributes to severe visual loss. Theories regarding the cause include an exogenous pathogen sensitizing an individual to antigens within photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, or choroid. [2] [6]