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Epicyclic gearing or planetary gearing is a gear system consisting of one or more outer, or planet, gears or pinions, revolving about a central sun gear or sun wheel. [4] [5] Typically, the planet gears are mounted on a movable arm or carrier, which itself may rotate relative to the sun gear.
In epicyclic gear systems, torque is applied to the input gear or ‘sun’ gear. A number of planet gears are arranged around and engaged with this sun gear, and therefore rotate. The outside casing of the multiplier is also engaged with the planet gear teeth, but is prevented from rotating by means of a reaction arm, causing the planet gears ...
Fixed-ratio second planetary gearset as used in the Lexus RX400h and Toyota Highlander Hybrid. This allows for a motor with less torque but higher power (and higher maximum rotary speed), i.e. higher power density; Ravigneaux [30]-type planetary gear (planetary gear with 4 shafts instead of 3) and two clutches as used in the Lexus GS450h. By ...
There are also mechanical designs for torque converters, many of which are similar to mechanical continuously variable transmissions or capable of acting as such as well. . They include the pendulum-based Constantinesco torque converter, the Lambert friction gearing disk drive transmission and the Variomatic with expanding pulleys and a belt dri
The Ravigneaux gearset is a double planetary gear set, invented by Pol Ravigneaux, who filed a patent application on July 28, 1949, in Neuilly-sur-Seine France. [1] This planetary gear set, commonly used in automatic transmissions, is constructed from two gear pairs, ring–planet and planet–planet. The gearset provides four forward gear ...
The left sun gear (red) provides more resistance than the right sun gear (yellow), which causes the planet gear (green) to rotate anti-clockwise. This produces slower rotation in the left sun gear and faster rotation in the right sun gear, resulting in the car's right wheel turning faster (and thus travelling farther) than the left wheel.
The gear ratio of the pitch circles of mating gears defines the speed ratio and the mechanical advantage of the gear set. A planetary gear train provides high gear reduction in a compact package. It is possible to design gear teeth for gears that are non-circular, yet still transmit torque smoothly.
The Simpson planetary gearset is a compound planetary gear train consisting of two planetary gearsets sharing a common sun gear. A Simpson gearset delivers three forward gears and one reverse, plus neutral, and is commonly employed in three and four ratio automatic transmissions . [ 1 ]