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  2. Standard error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_error

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  3. Sample size determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_size_determination

    Sample size determination. Sample size determination or estimation is the act of choosing the number of observations or replicates to include in a statistical sample. The sample size is an important feature of any empirical study in which the goal is to make inferences about a population from a sample. In practice, the sample size used in a ...

  4. Margin of error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margin_of_error

    This interval is called the confidence interval, and the radius (half the interval) is called the margin of error, corresponding to a 95% confidence level. Generally, at a confidence level , a sample sized of a population having expected standard deviation has a margin of error

  5. Errors and residuals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errors_and_residuals

    where ¯ represents the errors, represents the sample standard deviation for a sample of size n, and unknown σ, and the denominator term / accounts for the standard deviation of the errors according to: [5]

  6. Welch's t-test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welch's_t-test

    Welch's t -test. Welch's. t. -test. In statistics, Welch's t-test, or unequal variances t-test, is a two-sample location test which is used to test the (null) hypothesis that two populations have equal means. It is named for its creator, Bernard Lewis Welch, and is an adaptation of Student's t -test, [1] and is more reliable when the two ...

  7. Fisher's exact test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher's_exact_test

    Fisher's exact test is a statistical significance test used in the analysis of contingency tables. [1][2][3] Although in practice it is employed when sample sizes are small, it is valid for all sample sizes. It is named after its inventor, Ronald Fisher, and is one of a class of exact tests, so called because the significance of the deviation ...

  8. Unbiased estimation of standard deviation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unbiased_estimation_of...

    Bias in standard deviation for autocorrelated data. The figure shows the ratio of the estimated standard deviation to its known value (which can be calculated analytically for this digital filter), for several settings of α as a function of sample size n. Changing α alters the variance reduction ratio of the filter, which is known to be

  9. Sampling error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_error

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