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  2. Biological value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_value

    Biological value is determined based on this formula. [4] [5] BV = ( N r / N a) * 100. Where: N a = nitrogen absorbed in proteins on the test diet N r = nitrogen incorporated into the body on the test diet. However direct measurement of N r is essentially impossible. It will typically be measured indirectly from nitrogen excretion in urine. [6]

  3. IB Group 4 subjects - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IB_Group_4_subjects

    At the Standard Level, the examinations are respectively 45 minutes, 1 hour and 15 minutes, and 1 hour long. At the Higher Level, they are 1 hour, 2 hours and 15 minutes, and 1 hour and 15 minutes long. Calculators are not permitted for Paper 1, but they (as well as a provided formula booklet and periodic table) are permitted for papers 2 and 3.

  4. Protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein

    [36]: 31 A polypeptide chain ends with a free amino group, known as the N-terminus or amino terminus, and a free carboxyl group, known as the C-terminus or carboxy terminus. [37] By convention, peptide sequences are written N-terminus to C-terminus, correlating with the order in which proteins are synthesized by ribosomes. [37] [38]

  5. Phosphoenolpyruvic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoenolpyruvic_acid

    Phosphoenolpyruvate (2-phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP) is the carboxylic acid derived from the enol of pyruvate and phosphate.It exists as an anion.PEP is an important intermediate in biochemistry.

  6. Biological half-life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_half-life

    So, for example, digoxin has a half-life (or t ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠) of 24–36 h; this means that a change in the dose will take the best part of a week to take full effect. For this reason, drugs with a long half-life (e.g., amiodarone , elimination t ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ of about 58 days) are usually started with a loading dose to achieve their desired ...

  7. Human - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human

    The typical height of an adult human is between 1.4 and 1.9 m (4 ft 7 in and 6 ft 3 in), although this varies significantly depending on sex, ethnic origin, and family bloodlines. [ 239 ] [ 240 ] Body size is partly determined by genes and is also significantly influenced by environmental factors such as diet , exercise, and sleep patterns .

  8. Transformation efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation_efficiency

    In molecular biology, transformation efficiency is a crucial parameter, it is used to evaluate the ability of different methods to introduce plasmid DNA into cells and to compare the efficiency of different plasmid, vectors and host cells. This efficiency can be affected by a number of factors, including the method used for introducing the DNA ...

  9. Floral formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floral_formula

    Floral formulae are one of the two ways of describing flower structure developed during the 19th century, the other being floral diagrams. [2] The format of floral formulae differs according to the tastes of particular authors and periods, yet they tend to convey the same information. [1] A floral formula is often used along with a floral diagram.