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Nonaka’s and Takeuchi’s SECI model is widely known and has achieved paradigmatic status. Perceived advantages of the model include: its appreciation of the dynamic nature of knowledge and knowledge creation. [5] it provides a framework for the management of the relevant processes. The model has also been much criticized at times. [7]
Nonaka and Takeuchi introduce the SECI model as a way for knowledge creation. The SECI model involves four stages where explicit and tacit knowledge interact with each other in a spiral manner. The four stages are: Socialization, from tacit to tacit knowledge; Externalization, from tacit to explicit knowledge
The Knowledge Spiral as described by Nonaka & Takeuchi. Ikujiro Nonaka proposed a model (SECI, for Socialisation, Externalisation, Combination, Internalisation) which considers a spiraling interaction between explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. [32]
Ikujiro Nonaka (野中 郁次郎, Nonaka Ikujirō, 10 May 1935 – 25 January 2025) was a Japanese organizational theorist and Professor at the Graduate School of International Corporate Strategy of the Hitotsubashi University, best known for his study of knowledge management.
Ikujiro Nonaka proposed a model of knowledge creation that explains how tacit knowledge can be converted to explicit knowledge, both of which can be converted into organisational knowledge. [16] While introduced by Nonaka in 1990, [17] the model was further developed by Hirotaka Takeuchi and is thus known as the Nonaka–Takeuchi model.
Takeuchi's colleague Ikujiro Nonaka wrote an article The Knowledge-Creating Company in the Harvard Business Review, 1991. [12] It explored two types of knowledge, namely tacit knowledge which is that learned by experience and communicated indirectly, and explicit knowledge, which is that recorded in documentation, manuals and procedures.
The knowledge-based theory of the firm, or knowledge-based view (KBV), considers knowledge as an essentially important, scarce, and valuable resource in a firm. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] According to the knowledge-based theory of the firm, the possession of knowledge-based resources, known as intellectual capital , is essential in dynamic business ...
Another model that has emerged in the trait leadership literature is the Integrated Model of Leader Traits, Behaviors, and Effectiveness. [3] This model combines traits and behaviors in predicting leader effectiveness and tested the mediation effect of leader behaviors on the relationship between leader traits and effectiveness.