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The Books of the Maccabees refers to a series of deuterocanonical books which are contained in various canons of the Bible: 1 Maccabees, originally written in Hebrew and only surviving in a Greek translation, it contains an account of the history of the Maccabees from 175 BC until 134 BC. [1]
The Fifth Book of the Maccabees, also called "Arabic 2 Maccabees", or "Arabic Maccabees", [1] is an ancient Jewish work relating the history in the 2nd and 1st centuries BC. The book chronicles the events from Heliodorus ' attempt to rob the Temple treasury in 186 BC to the death of Herod the Great 's two sons about 6 BC.
The campaigns against Timothy (Greek: Timotheus) and the local Gentiles (non-Jews) are recorded in the books of 1 Maccabees (1 Maccabees 5), 2 Maccabees (2 Maccabees 10:14–38, 2 Maccabees 12:10–37), and Josephus's Antiquities of the Jews Book 12, Chapter 8. 2 Maccabees also mentions Timothy and his armies briefly in passing in while ...
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2 Maccabees, [note 1] also known as the Second Book of Maccabees, Second Maccabees, and abbreviated as 2 Macc., is a deuterocanonical book which recounts the persecution of Jews under King Antiochus IV Epiphanes and the Maccabean Revolt against him.
The title "1 Maccabees" is not the original title of the work. Rather, it comes from the Septuagint, which gave it that title to distinguish it from the other books of the Maccabees. In the book itself, "Maccabee" is used solely as a personal title for Judah Maccabee (Latinized as Judas Maccabeus).
3 Maccabees, [a] also called the Third Book of Maccabees, is a book written in Koine Greek, likely in the 1st century BC in either the late Ptolemaic period of Egypt or in early Roman Egypt. Despite the title, the book has nothing to do with the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire described in 1 Maccabees and 2 Maccabees .
4 Maccabees, [note 1] also called the Fourth Book of Maccabees and possibly originally known as On the Sovereignty of Reason, [note 2] is a book written in Koine Greek, likely in the 1st or early 2nd century. It is a homily or philosophic discourse praising the supremacy of pious reason over passion.